The World Series A Brief History Of The October Classic Essays

The World Series: A Brief History Of The October Classic The World Series: A Brief History of the October Classic In America's preferred interest, the sport of baseball, there is one significant objective each year for each group in the association, and that is to win the World arrangement. For about one hundred years, two groups every year have contended in a best of seven arrangement with the hero of the American League and the boss of the National League speaking to their particular alliances. The New York Yankees have won the most titles by a wide margin, with twenty-five titles, and the St. Louis Cardinals have the second-most with ten. Numerous groups have always lost the World Series, and with the little pay and inclusion of certain groups, they may always lose an arrangement. From 1901 to 1902, the American and National associations were arranged in war, and there was no World Series. The American League was still exceptionally youthful, and many felt that they couldn't contend with the incredible groups of the National League. In any case, a national title was not far away. At the point when the Boston Pilgrims of the American Class acknowledged a demand from proprietor Barney Dreyfuss of the National League Pittsburgh Pirates, the cutting edge World Series was conceived ( Total World Series-Boston 1). The Pirates entered the 1903 arrangement vigorously preferred to win even with wounds to the expert of the pitching staff, Sam Leever and furthermore to Honus Wagner. The Pirates had additionally lost pitcher Ed Doheny to dysfunctional behavior. In game one of the arrangement, Cy Young took the hill for the Pilgrims, yet was staggered in the primary inning as the Pirates scored four runs and proceeded to take a 1-0 arrangement lead. In the game, the Pirates' Jimmy Sebring hit the primary grand slam in World Series history (Total World Series-Boston 2). Subsequent to taking an instructing 3-1 arrangement lead, the tide started to change on the Pirates. The Pilgrims won the following two games, and in game seven, Bill Dinneen held the Pirates to four hits as he shut them out for the second time in the arrangement, giving the Boston Pilgrims the main ever World Series Championship. The World Series kept on becoming famous for the following quite a long while, until 1919, at the point when individuals from the Chicago White Sox were supposed to have tossed the Series. In the base of the principal inning of game one against the Cincinnati Reds, White Sox pitcher Eddie Cicotte hit the main hitter to confront him, a prearranged sign to card sharks that ?the fix was on? - that the Sox would toss the Series (Total World Series-White 1). There were eight individuals from the Chicago White Sox that were in on the fix, including Cicotte and outfielder ?Shoeless' Joe Jackson. The White Sox lost the initial two rounds of the arrangement, much appreciated in huge part to the two beginning pitchers who were in on the fix. In any case, in game three, the White Sox' Dickie Kerr, who was not in on the fix, pitched a three-hit shutout to get the Sox back to inside one game. After game three, the players who were in on the fix figured out how to play ineffectively enough to lose the Series, and the Cincinnati Reds brought home their polluted title. In 1927, the New York Yankees prevailed upon the World Series the Pittsburgh Pirates with maybe the best arrangement ever to take the field. With 110 customary season triumphs and a 19 game edge over second-place Philadelphia, the Yankees drove the American League in about each hostile class. Three Yankees- - Earle Combs, Lou Gehrig, and Babe Ruth- - hit more than .350, and partitioned among them class crowns in runs, hits, duplicates, significantly increases, grand slams (Ruth's 60), RBI's, and slugging normal. The Yankees not just hit: their pitching staff flaunted the alliance's most minimal earned run normal ( Total World Series - New 1). The Yankees cleared the Pirates out of the arrangement for the main American League clear in a World Series many despite everything believe them to be the best group ever. The ?Miracle Mets? of 1969 demonstrated that enchantment could occur in the World Series as they brought home the World Series title with an extremely youthful, upstart group. The substantial hitting, smooth handling Orioles, who likewise flaunted the majors' top pitching staff, entered the Series clear top choices against the New York Mets. Be that as it may, the ?Miracle Mets?, after losing the opener, finished Baltimore with four straight successes (Total World Arrangement Make 1). The

Chinese language and literature Essay

Chinese is a one of a kind language. Any individual who learns it will think that its hard to truly comprehend and ace the language in the event that he/she doesn't totally cast away the propensities and ideas procured from his/her primary language or other unknown dialects. Chinese is a language of extraordinary universal significance in the current universe of globalization. Present day Chinese (otherwise called Mandarin, Pu Tonghua or Guoyu) is spoken in the People’s Republic of China and Taiwan, and progressively so in Hong Kong. It is one of the four authority dialects in Singapore. There are critical networks of Mandarin speakers in Malaysia, Indonesia, Russia, the USA, Mongolia, Vietnam, Brunei, South Africa, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, the UK and Mauritius. Mandarin is spoken by around 1 billion of individuals everywhere throughout the world. It is likewise one of the five authority dialects of the United Nations. The informative unit of Chinese is the sentence. Sentences in Chinese are very unique in relation to those in different dialects. During correspondence, certain pieces of a sentence may regularly be discarded. This is one of the contrasts among Chinese and different dialects. The language and content of the Chinese language has a place with the ‘Sino-Tibetan’ family. Chinese is likewise depicted as a tonal language, which implies that a syllable for the most part is articulated with a trademark tone. In general Chinese comes up short on the expressions (additions, prefixes) that are normal for some different dialects. While outsiders are under the feeling that Chinese characters are endless, the reality remains that even China doesn't have anybody fit for acing all the characters. The Kangxi word reference of 1716 contains 47,000 characters though the Chinese word reference of 1986-90 contains 56,000 characters. Truth be told there are just 3,000 characters which are regularly utilized. Other than being a language it is utilized for setting up and keeping accounts. Chinese likewise has an extraordinary incentive in the field of calligraphy and is incredibly refreshing as a gem. Over the tremendous territory all through which Chinese is spoken, there are a wide range of vernaculars. Some of which are commonly garbled. Chinese characters are the images used to compose Chinese. Chinese characters grew over 3000 years prior out of ideographs. A portion of these are still being used today. Each Chinese composed character speaks to a one-syllable word. Numerous Chinese words, be that as it may, are mixes made out of at least two characters. In these intensifies each character contributes an importance to the all out idea. Present day Chinese characters fall into two classifications: One with a phonetic part, the other without it. Larger part of those without a phonetic segment created from pictographs. Characters of this sort which don't contain phonetic parts represent just a little extent of every single Chinese character, however a significant number of them are in like manner use. The vast majority of the Chinese characters contain a phonetic part that tells the elocution and a thought segment that demonstrates something of the importance. These thought parts are likewise called radicals and are regularly composed on the left-hand side of the character. There are in excess of 250 radicals. The phonetic part is frequently a character in itself. On the off chance that one knows the way to express the character it depends on, one can know the way to express numerous characters where that part is utilized. One of the unsolved issues of â€Å"pinyin† is that a few characters, however composed contrastingly and with various significance, sound the equivalent. In any case, normally one can advise from the setting which one to utilize. The tone of a Chinese word is similarly as significant as it s articulation. This part of speaking Chinese is the most hard for English talking individuals to learn. In English, the tone of a word differs with the temperament of the sentence; in Chinese, the tone remains a similar whether the sentence is an inquiry, shout or a basic proclamation. The Chinese composed language is an old and novel composing framework with a background marked by 6000 years. There are a sum of 60,000 characters, of which just 3000-4500 are much of the time utilized. Antiquated Chinese characters developed from pictures. Every Chinese character is made out of different strokes. These strokes are essentially straight lines. Start to finish and left to right are the primary headings. There are eight fundamental strokes utilized for composing Chinese characters. These strokes are utilized in a specific request to compose Chinese characters. In the previous scarcely any decades standard language has slowly been framed dependent on the language of the standard with Beijing as the standard and a sentence structure displayed on current vernacular composition. This language is called ‘Pu Tonghua’ and is bit by bit being promoted. It will in the end become the type of spoken and composed Chinese in all inclusive use. b) Discuss the manners by which Chinas language and writing reflect different parts of Chinas culture, for example, connection, workmanship, legislative issues, religion, financial aspects, and the Chinese world view by and large. A Chinese name is made out of two sections †a family name and a given name. The family name starts things out, trailed by the given name. Most family names are monosyllabic. The most widely recognized family names are Zhang, Wang, Li, Zhao and Liu. There are a couple of disyllabic last names, for example, Zhuge, Ouyang and Shangguan. Given names can be either monosyllabic or disyllabic.

Top 10 Persuasive Essay Topics

Top 10 Persuasive Essay TopicsPeople with writing skills would love to know the top 10 persuasive essay topics. And with good reason. Persuasive essays are very different from their non-persuasive counterparts and will likely change the way a reader views your viewpoint, or your company's viewpoints. Read on to learn how to make a persuasive essay top 10 list:Top 10 persuasive essay topics include those that start with the title. 'Why I am a great SEO consultant' is an excellent title. It doesn't matter if your topic is highly persuasive or just normal common sense, the title will get people's attention. I would also recommend using the title to give yourself a bit of a personal touch, instead of just the company name.Second, titles should always follow the point of the essay, so in this case, the title would be: 'Why I am a great SEO consultant'. The focus of your title should always be the point you want to make. If you need to get people's attention in this instance, the point is 'why I am a great SEO consultant'. While doing this, the title should also catch the reader's attention in a subtle but effective way.Third, focus on three main ideas or points. In this case, I would recommend picking one to three main points or topics for your essay. One of my favorites is 'The biggest step you can take to ensure your success in search engine optimization is to build trust with your customers'. This is very simple, and it will have a big impact on how people feel about your company.Fourth, let the title lead the way. Once you have your main ideas or points, keep it simple. A well written persuasive essay will be a bit wordy and will lack clarity. But when I write a thesis statement, I try to get two-thirds of the way through an essay before I start mentioning or using words like 'we', 'you', 'us', and 'your'.Fifth, write to capture the emotion of the audience. The title should do a lot of talking for you, but it is only half the battle. It is crucial that you know how to craft a convincing title by making it not just catchy, but clever and captivating. For example, I like to use the golden triangle, which are a major symbol in the USA, and the problem with this title is it sounds like the old get rich quick gurus of the 70s.And lastly, have fun! In fact, try to write a draft of your article in several styles, before you send it out to the client or write it for a client. I know, writing persuasive essays isn't easy, but writing in a style that allows you to get your point across and get readers' attention is usually better than writing in a style that makes you feel stuck or frustrated.Good luck with your writing and with your goals for the fall semester of your college, I wish you the best. !

Dynamics Of Energy Drinks For Teens - 1543 Words

Dynamics of Energy Drinks for Teens Caffeine is a substance that almost everyone is familiar with, but not everyone knows what the real risks can be if not taken in moderation. Energy drinks are one of the many drinks that often contain caffeine. The caffeine in these drinks helps people gain more energy throughout the day and keeps them alert. Energy drinks have become very popular among teens over the past couple of years because of the targeted marketing companies have made towards younger people. What most teens do not know is that the consumption of all that caffeine that help them stay up and study or keep them active, can actually be dangerous. The excessive amount of caffeine in these energy drinks affect younger people far more severely than adults because they are not as tolerant to caffeine as adults. Not only are teens more affected by the caffeine, but one energy drink has almost three times as much caffeine as a cup of coffee. Why are energy drinks so popular among teenagers and what are the real health r isks? Energy drinks have become a major trend among teens and are drunk regularly by about 31% of teenagers (Pho). Energy drinks were first introduced in Japan in the 1960’s strictly as a source of energy (â€Å"History of Energy Drinks†). They then spread throughout Europe and Asia and weren’t brought into the United States until about 1997 (â€Å"Development of Energy Drinks†). At first the drinks were only accepted by athletes, but as people heard what they couldShow MoreRelatedA Short Note On Red Bull Energy Drink810 Words   |  4 PagesBull can be called as a pioneer in the energy drink category worldwide. In India too, Red Bull was the brand that created the energy drink category. The brand came into existence in 1987. Red Bull Energy Drink is a functional beverage. Thanks to unique combination of high quality ingredients Red Bull Energy Drink vitalizes body and mind. Red Bull Energy Drink has been developed for people who want to have a clear and focuse d mind, perform physically, are dynamic and performance-oriented whilst alsoRead MoreCoca Cola1750 Words   |  7 Pagesperiods in all plants will help to reduce cost on Energy. * Production of own energy from renewable sources like solar ,wind in the bottling plant will help to reduce energy costs. * Coca cola can effectively introduce bio degradable plant bottle which can be recycled. PET bottles have 25% recycled plastic and glass bottles have 40% recycled glass.this will reduce its bottle manufacturing and disposal costs. Coca cola, a carbonated soft drink is a FMCG brand .Price elasticity -The opportunityRead MoreEating Behaviors Among Young Children Essay1453 Words   |  6 Pageseating behaviours that are learned in early life are maintained in adulthood thus reduces the risk for major chronic disease. Physical and psychological changes occurring during this period usually significantly influence their dietary behaviours. As teens become more independent, they make more of their own food choices. Nevertheless, being influenced by a multitude of factors (biological, social, physical, economic, psychosocial, attitudes, beliefs and knowledge about food) and changing of lifestyleRead MoreQuestions and Answers on Economics1436 Words   |  6 Pagesis unlikely, they are not really going to give money to give the child more money to spend on alcohol. We already limit the drinking age, but still alcohol is sold. By raising the price to a prohibitive level, fewer teens will become addicted and may, as the y mature, decide not to drink after all. Additionally, since the youth market is not only sensitive to price, but to peer influence, reductions due to price will also have reductions in peer pressure to drinking. 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The head office is in Atlanta Georgia recommendation that could help them continue to be a dynamic producer of soft drinks in the marketplace the company is widely recognized by 94% of the world population. It is the leader in manufacturing, marketing and distribution of non-alcoholic beverages and many other product brands. The aim of this marketing planRead MoreRed Bull - the Anti-Brand Brand6119 Words   |  25 P agesin Red Bull’s core markets are a lot gloomier than what was the case in the 90s, but interestingly enough, energy drinks was the one soft drinks category apparently unaffected by consumers spending less money. In 2010-2011 Red Bull outperformed the overall soft drinks market in both value and volume, and this in spite of the fact that energy drinks are priced higher than most other soft drinks. In conclusion, it seems that Red Bull’s target consumers are not as affected by the economic environmentRead MoreEssay on The Mighty Red Bull in the World of Marketing3258 Words   |  14 Pagesthe brand Red Bull-an energy drink. An entrepreneur Dietrich Mateschitz founded the company Red Bull GmbH in 1984 after encountering the original drink called Krating Daeng (indirectly translates to Red Bull) in Thailand. The drink is an energy booster, which increases attention and concentration and also incentivizes your metabolism (Bized, 2008). The brand enjoys worldwide annual sales of more than one billion cans and claims a 60% volume share of the world’s energy drinks (Mintel, 2005). In 2003Read MoreWhat Is the Role of Strategic Marketing in an Organization? Discuss the Role of Strategic Marketing at Coke After 2000.1927 Words   |  8 PagesMarketing Strategy post 2000 to counter its declining popularity and counter increasing competition. Cokes New Marketing Strategy 1. Create Liquid Content: This implies creating content in terms of images, videos or articles that are so dynamic that they beg to be shared. 2. Ensure Content is linked: The created content has to be relevant and connected to the companies’ goals and brand. It has to be innately relevant to the business objectives of the company, its brand and the consumers’Read MoreDance, Health, and Fitness Essay2341 Words   |  10 Pagesbecause carbs produce a major amount of energy in your body. They are broken down into simple sugars that are stored as glycogen in your muscles. If a dancer does not ingest enough carbohydrates, his or her capability to dance successfully will decline. It is wise to eat a small carbohydrate snack one to two hours before class. This will increase glucose and give your muscles a sufficient amount of circulation. A good snack would be something like an energy bar, which can provide an extra boost

Comparing Father and Child Relationships in Death of a...

Father and Child Relationships in Death of a Salesman and A View from the Bridge In literature as in life, we go through events which are the effects of the relationships between parent and child. In both plays Death of a Salesman and A View from the Bridge, Arthur Miller depicts the possessiveness of human nature through the eyes of Willy Loman and Eddie Carbone. Willy and his son Biff exhibit an undoubtable strain in their relationship. Willy gives all his dreams to Biff in hope that he will carry on or create success for himself. Eddie wants the best for his niece, Catherine, but is unaware of his over protectiveness which in actuality is an element much more repelling. The relationships between father and child†¦show more content†¦According to Bruno Leone, Biff and Willys relationship is bedeviled by guilt. Willy feels responsible for Biffs failure. But Biff equally feels guilty because he recognizes a responsibility which he cannot fulfill, the responsibility to redeem Willys life.(126) After Biff saw Willy with the woman in the Boston Hotel, Biff never forgave him. Willy felt that it was because of his affair with the woman that ruined Biffs chance at a university. Willys guilt causes him to feel more responsible for Biff. Because of his guilt, he wants to make sure that Biff is successful and receives a rewarding career. Therefore, Willy, put blame on himself when Biff could not succeed or reach his own expectations. Biff was always aware of his own potential and what career he would succeed at. He was aware that he could never fulfill his fathers hopes. I say I know who I am!...Im a dime a dozen...Im not bringing home any prizes any more, and youre going to stop waiting for me to bring them home!(Miller, DOS 132) Biff feels some guilt in not being able to allow Willy to have true pride. 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Both seriesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesWeidemann-Book Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproductionRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 PagesRetailing and Wholesaling Integrated Marketing Communication Advertising management Sales promotion Personal selling Public relations Understanding individual consumer behaviour Understanding industrial consumer behaviour Customer satisfaction Customer relationship management Marketing of services Rural marketing Types of marketing research Process of marketing research Tools and Techniques of marketing research Applications of marketing research Preparation of marketing research report Online marketing E-commerceRead MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test B ank173911 Words   |  696 Pagesmanner. D) It is defined as the field that deals with planning and managing a business at the highest level of corporate hierarchy. E) It occurs when at least one party to a potential exchange thinks about the means of achieving desired responses from other parties. Answer: E Page Ref: 5 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate 4) A social definition of marketing says ________. 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You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (www.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support’ and then ‘Obtaining Permissions’ British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress CataloguingRead MoreIncome Taxation Solutions Manual 1 300300 Words   |  1202 PagesC-1 Copyright  © 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. capital gain deduction of $750,000. Although Court will be subject to further taxation when dividends are paid to him from the corporation, double taxation will not occur to the extent that income consists of business income below $500,000 annually or investment income. This results from the application of the dividend tax credit and a refund of a portion of the corporate taxes on investment income. This is demonstrated below. 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We have continued Marketing Wars, which many of you recommended, and reinstated Comebacks of firms iii iv †¢ Preface rising from adversity. I have also brought back Ethical Mistakes, because I believe that organizations

Othello the Outsider Essay - 1233 Words

Othello the Outsider Shakespeares tragic hero, Othello, was a man whose gifts far outnumbered his weaknesses. On the battlefield, he was accomplished; in his profession, he was highly ranked; and, in his life, he was blissfully married. Despite these great advantages, however, Othellos destiny was ruin. Everything he had so carefully made for himself would be destroyed by one flaw: his fear of remaining an outsider. He feared this fate, yet he harped on it continuously, tearing himself between his identity as a foreigner and his desire to live as a normal citizen. Even so far back as his first public speech, perturbations caused by this internal unrest surfaced, and it was unrest that would ultimately lead to his horrible and†¦show more content†¦If used too often, the approach turns from rhetoric into reality, and the speaker truly is set apart. This method of appeal is used in many places by Othello, sometimes in regular conversation, which leads to the feeling that he actually believes it. La ter on, when Iago needs to prey upon a weakness in our hero, this self-doubt turns out to be just the key to instilling distrust and jealousy. As this first portion of self-effacement ends, the text sweeps into a section of grand language and imagery. Othello becomes picturesque for a moment, stating, For since these arms of mine had seven years pith / Till now some nine moons wasted, they have used / Their dearest action in the tented field; / And little of this great world can I speak / More than pertains to feats of broils and battle (page 19). Every line in this passage contains a descriptor of either vast time or vast expanse. The images produced by the use of words that describe large things deliver a spacious, worldly subtext-meaning to Othellos literal meaning. Words such as, seven years, moons, field, and great world create an extensive, cosmopolitan view of his life that conflicts with the literal meaning of his speech, where he is bluntly saying that he does not know about anything beyond battle. The short, artistic detour of the middle of the speech is quickly focused back on topic, though, and it only takes one line beforeShow MoreRelatedOthello as an outsider Essay768 Words   |  4 Pagescentury Venice, Othello, by William Shakespeare, explores the idea of an outsider from the very beginning of the play. Shakespeare uses Othello, a black army general, to explore the relationship of an outsider in high Venetian society using a variety of approaches. The reader sees characters consistently referring to Othello in derogatory and demeaning terms, as well as frequent implications that Othello is scarcely human. Further exploration of an outsider in society comes from Othello himself, as heRead MoreOthello the Outsider1570 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare portrays Venice as incredibly advanced for its time. This is seen especially though its democratic justice system, as we are shown that in Act One everybody has a voice regardless of their colour or sex. The fact that Othell o has obtained the high position of â€Å"general† within the army suggests that his chances have by no means been restricted by the colour of his skin. Also the fact that he is treated with the utmost respect from the Duke, the highest authority in Venice, shows that theRead MoreOthello: Iago the Outsider1794 Words   |  8 PagesIn any story with a recurring dark theme there always must be an outsider from humanity who somehow stands out from the seemingly equal community. In the case of Shakespeares Othello the outsider from humanity would be Iago for he truly stands out from the rest of society. Although Othello may be physically put out of the community, it seems that on an emotional and egotistical level Iago puts himself out of society further then Othellos blackness does. He is not merely manipulative, as other villainsRead More Iago, the Outsider of Shakespeare’s Othello1744 Words   |  7 Pages In any story with a recurring dark theme there always must be an outsider from humanity who somehow stands out from the seemingly equal community. In the case of Shakespeare’s Othello the outsider from humanity would be Iago for he truly stands out from the rest of society. Although Othello may be physically put out of the community, it seems that on an emotional and egotistical level Iago puts himself out of society further then Othello’s blackness does. He is not merely manipulative, as otherRead MoreComparison between Othello and Skin1414 Words   |  6 PagesCompare and contrast the portrayal of the predicament of the outsider in the texts Othello and Skin. To what extent are the differences between the two texts treatment of this theme due to their different historical and cultural contexts? Othello and Skin are both excellent examples of how the outsider is topic in which society is intrigued by. Both Sandra and Othello are both victims of their time and geographical setting, as well as being considered different due to their race and achievementsRead MoreEssay on Comparing Othello and The Great Gatsby987 Words   |  4 PagesAll tragedies eventually end in chaos; however, Othello and The Great Gatsby both begin with innocent characters thinking little about the possibility of disarray. During the climax of both works it becomes evident that the idea of order is doomed, inevitably leading to a bounding spiral of problems. The Great Gatsby and Othello both end in chaos because the protagonists, Othello and Gatsby are outsiders entering an ordered society. The actions of many characters cause confusion in the storylineRead MoreKahron Fyffe. . World Literature . . Dr. Fiore. . 28 April1036 Words   |  5 PagesLiterature Dr. Fiore 28 April 2017 Othello: Hero or Stranger Othello is a hero due to being a hardened and vicious warrior on the battlefield but he is also a tragic hero in this play. A tragic hero by definition is a literary character who makes a judgment error that inevitably leads to his/her own destruction. For example Othello is the husband of Desdemona whom he murders because he has been misled by the villainous IagoRead MoreOthello By William Shakespeare s Othello1576 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare’s Othello peels back the layers of society’s underlying feelings regarding people who lie outside of the perceived standard norm. It digs into the heart of society and reveals the damage that is placed upon individuals who are considered outsiders, even if they manage to achieve success. In this particular play, the audience is able to see how the subtleties of racial bias slowly destroy a person’s psyche. Throughout the play, the audience examines Othello cast in both negative and positiveRead MoreOthello Is Ess entially an Noble Character, Flawed by Insecurity and a Nature That Is Naive and Unsophisticated1070 Words   |  5 PagesOthello is essentially an noble character, flawed by insecurity and a nature that is naive and unsophisticated. Looking at William Shakespeares Othello The Moor Of Venice, the central character, Othello is revered as the tragic hero. He is a character of high stature that is destroyed by his surroundings, his own actions, and his fate. His destruction is essentially precipitated by his own actions, as well as by the actions of the characters surrounding him. The tragedy of Othello is not aRead MoreThe Weaknesses Of Othello By William Shakespeare933 Words   |  4 PagesThe Weaknesses of Othello Throughout the beginning of Shakespeare s play, Othello, the protagonist, Othello himself, is portrayed as a powerful and courageous man. The audience is led to believe that he is a sympathetic character and a brave war hero. As the story progresses, this view seems to shift. Iago begins to play with Othello’s emotions and Othello starts to make rash decisions. In his Othello’s final great speech, he exposes his thoughts on the situation as well as his selfish motives

Business Research for Journal of Development-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Research for Journal of Economic Development. Answer: What are the dependent, independent, moderating, mediating (intervening) or control variables in this study? How are these variables defined? Smith, Oczkowski and Selby-Smith (2011) use their journal to examine factors that determine retention of long-term skills as well as turnover among employees working in more than 300 Australian organisations. The authors collected primary data on two different dependent variables. The two variables were employee turnover and employee confidence. Smith, et al defined employee turnover as the percentage annual average over a period of three years. More specifically, they measured the variable along four skill categories elementary skills, intermediate skills, skilled trade workers, and professional skills. While the confidence to retail skills was defined by the degree at which an organisation was likely to continue accessing the skills to assist achieve long term goals. While on the other hand, the study focused on three independent variables including learning orientation (LO), total quality management (TQM), and lean production (LP). Smith, defined LO as organisation-wide activitie s that managers use to create and knowledge to strengthen competitive advantage. They measured the variable along three-sub-constructs (shared vision, open-mindedness, and commitment to learning). They defined TQM as a philosophy that managers use when they want to achieve continuous improvement across all products and services as well as processes (Xiaojun, et al., 2013). While LP was defined as a combination of TQM and teamwork that managers used to operate through minimum resources. What is the motivation for including these variables into the conceptual framework for the study? The motivation to include the two dependent variables; employee turnover and employee confidence was because of the need to extend the previous organisational literature along three dimensions. First, they sought to differentiate between conventional measures of turnover and incorporate a new measure that helps employees retain more skills. Most importantly, the authors understood that retaining skills among employees is critical for achieving long-term goals. Furthermore, they were motivated to include a variable that considers an organisations long term strategic perspective as well as identifying a number of drivers of retention. The second motivation was based on the fact that previous literature that focused on high performance work systems analyzed one set of measures around monitoring systems, training, and practices. In contrast, they sought to examine the significance of various management philosophies that underpin high performance systems and practices of human resource ma nagers. The third motivation was to broaden the previous findings by incorporating four other employee categories of skills in order to identify the presence of unique drivers likely to contribute towards increased retention of skills and turnover to achieve long-term goals. How are these variables measured? Goertzen (2017) explains that any researcher much present a clear definition as well as steps used to measure variables. Variable includes anything that is likely to take a different value. Such values can be unique in terms of objects, person, or similar (Boeren, 2018; Sekaran and Bougie, 2016). For instance, in order to measure employee turnover, the study measured employee turnover on four categories. The professional category of skills were measured based on nominal scale concerning the level of a manager such as in the senior position, middle position, engineering technician, or as an ICT profession. The skilled trade workers category was measured depending on the profession of an employee. Some of the areas of measurement included skills such as plumber, electrician, messenger, or carpenter. The intermediate skills were measured based on nominal scales as whether an employee worked as a service worker, in sales department, or clerical department. While on the other hand, the el ementary skills involved focusing on machine operators, labourers. In overall, the authors measured employee turnover with the help of four measures; human resource management practices, organisational/market characteristics, training practices, and high performance systems. Besides, Smith, et al measured the independent variables based on management philosophies mostly related to high-performance work systems. For example, they used multi-item scale items to measure learning orientation. While on the other hand, they measured TQM and LP by looking at the extent of autonomy that employee had in working with teams such as teamwork autonomy and teamwork employed. Are there other important variables that should be included in this study? Depending on the nature of a study, Trusty (2011) explains that researchers can opt to include all four types of variables (dependent, independent, moderating, and mediating) to help ascertain the cause and effect relationship among variables. However, Venable (2011) points out that the choice to include either a moderating or mediating variables dependents on the need to strengthen the relationship or effect of independent variable towards the dependent variable. That implies incorporating a third variable to serve the role of moderation or modify the original relationship. The analysis of journal article of Smith, et al., (2011) indicates failure to incorporate a third variable to help moderate two dependent variables (turnover and skill retention) and three dependent variables (LO, LP and TQM). The study could include the role of HR practises a moderating variable. The inclusion would help mediate (Hkansson and Waluszewski, 2016) the relationship between learning at the workplace and TQM that predict turnover. References Boeren, E. (2018). The Methodological Underdog: A Review of Quantitative Research in the Key Adult Education Journals. Adult Education Quarterly, 68(1), 63-79. Goertzen, M. J. (2017). Introduction to Quantitative Research and Data. Library Technology Reports, 53(4), 12-18. Hkansson, H., Waluszewski, A. (2016). Methodomania? On the methodological and theoretical challenges of IMP business research. IMP Journal, 10(3), 443-463. Sekaran, U., and Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach (7th ed). Wiley Smith, A., Oczkowski, E. and Selby-Smith, C. (2011). To have and to hold: modelling the drivers of employee turnover and skill retention in Australian organisations. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(2), 395-416. Trusty, J. (2011). Quantitative Articles: Developing Studies for Publication in Counseling Journals. Journal Of Counseling Development, 89(3), 261-267. Venable, J. (2011). Incorporating Design Science Research and Critical Research Into an Introductory Business Research Methods Course. Electronic Journal Of Business Research Methods, 9(2), 119-129. Xiaojun, Y., Plaisent, M., Bernard Jr., P., Kuofie, M. (2013). Research on Business Model Innovation and Control of China's Education Training Industry: New Oriental Education Technology Group as an Example. Journal Of Economic Development, Management, IT, Finance Marketing, 5(1), 1-13.

Kennedy Essays - CubaUnited States Relations, Fidel Castro

Kennedy John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the 35th President of the United States, the youngest person ever to be elected President, the first Roman Catholic and the first to be born in the 20th century.Kennedy was assassinated before he completed his third year as President, therefore his achievements were limited.Nevertheless, his influence was worldwide, and his handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis may have prevented the United States from entering into another world war.Kennedy was especially admired by the younger people and he was perhaps the most popular president in history.Kennedy expressed the values of 20th century America and his presidency had an importance beyond its political achievements.John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born in Brookline, Massachusetts where he was one of nine children.The Kennedy family was very wealthy and providedmeans for the Kennedy children to pursue whatever they chose and John F. Kennedy chose politics. John F. Kennedy was elected to Congress in 1942 and as a new member Kennedy supported legislation that would serve the interests of his elements.Kennedy usually backed bills sponsored by his party but would sometimes show independence by voting with the Republicans.He also joined with the Republicans in criticizing the Truman administration's handling of China.In China, the Nationalist government of Chiang Kai-shek, which had been supported by the United States, was unable to withstand the advance of Communist forces under Mao Zedong.By the end of 1949 government troops had been overwhelmingly defeated, and Chiang led his forces into exile on Taiwan.The triumphant Mao formed the People's Republic of China.Truman's critics, including Kennedy, charged that the administration had failed to support Chiang Kai-shek againstthe Communists. Despite Kennedy's wavering within his own party platform, John F. Kennedy easily won reelection to Congress in 1948 and 1950.In 1952 he decided to run against functioning Republican Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.Kennedy was little known outside his congressional district therefore he began his campaign two years before the election, meeting with hundreds of thousands of people in Massachusetts."Kennedy defeated Lodge by 70,000"1 votes despite the fact that Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Republican Presidential candidate, carried the state by just over 200,000 votes. As a candidate for the Senate, Kennedy promised the voters that he would do more for Massachusetts than Lodge had ever done.During his first two years as senator he backed legislation beneficial to the Massachusetts textile, fishing, watch, and transportation industries.In 1953, however, he defied regional interests and supported the Saint Lawrence Seaway project and later in 1955 he was the only New England senator to support renewal of the Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act that gave the President the power to lower U. S. tariffs, or taxes on import goods, in exchange for similar concessions from other countries. In 1957 Kennedy became a member of the powerful Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and he later won a place on the Senate Committee on Improper Activities in the Labor Management Field.In 1958 he spent many of his weekends campaigning for reelection in Massachusetts senatorial contest.Kennedy wanted the 1960 Democratic presidential nomination, and almost as soon as the 1956 election was over, he began working toward it. Kennedy announced his candidacy early in 1960 and by the time the Democratic National Convention opened in July, he had won seven primary victories.When the convention opened, it appeared that Kennedy's only serious challenge for the nomination would come from the Senate majority leader, Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas.However, Johnson was strong only among Southern delegates and Kennedy won the nomination on the first ballot and then persuaded Johnson to become his running mate. Two weeks later the Republicans nominated Vice President Richard Nixon for president and Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., for vice president.In the fast-paced campaign that followed, Kennedy made stops in 46 states and 273 cities and towns, while Nixon visited every state and 170 urban areas.The two candidates faced each other in four nationally televised debates.Kennedy's manner, especially in the first debate, seemed to eliminate the charge that he was too young and inexperienced to serve as president, and many believe these debates gave Kennedy the edge he needed for victory. The election drew a record 69 million voters to the polls, but Kennedy won by only 113,000 votes which made it the closest popular vote in 72 years.Because Kennedy won most of the larger states in the Northeastern United States, he received 303 electoral votes to Nixon's 219.Kennedy was inaugurated on January 20, 1961.In his inaugural address he emphasized America's revolutionary heritage,"The same beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe,"2 Kennedy said."Let the word go forth

The Grieving Process of Holden Caulfield Essays - Literature

The Grieving Process of Holden Caulfield Essays - Literature The Grieving Process of Holden Caulfield Everyone has a different response to traumatic events and come up with different ways of coping with the emotions that go along with it. In the novel The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield embodies several stages of the grieving process. The main ones consistently seen throughout the novel include anger, denial and depression. He displays these stages through his actions and especially through his words. He progresses through the stages beginning with anger and then leading into a combination of denial and depression. The stage of depression hits Holden the hardest, with his mental state getting worse and worse as time goes on. Towards the end of the novel he has hit his lowest point and essentially spiraled out of control. However, by the very end of the novel he seems to be nearing the stage of acceptance slightly. The first stage that Holden appears to have gone through is anger. This stage hit him very quickly, and began the night that Allie died. Holden explains how he was so upset that he decided to sleep in the garage and then out of anger and sadness ends up breaking all the windows in the garage. "I slept in the garage the night he died, and I broke all the goddam windows with my fist, just for the hell of it. I even tried to break all the windows on the station wagon we had that summer, but my hand was already broken and everything by that time, and I couldn't do it," (Salinger 44). This was Holden's way of dealing with Allie's death. He lashed out and couldn't accept the fact that his brother was gone. This led his parents to begin to worry about him and his reaction to Allie's death. Holden even mentions that they were considering having him psychoanalyzed due to the incident and all the damage he had caused. This event also caused even bigger problems for Holden in the long run becau se he never attended Allie's funeral. He was stuck in the hospital and never got to go and say his goodbyes. So he never got any closure with Allie's death, leading him to continue through the stages of the grieving process. It leads him to remain in denial at Allie's death and pushes him to become more and more depressed. The next stage that Holden goes through is denial. This is one of the stages that is very apparent throughout the novel and kind of goes hand in hand with the depression stage. It is made obvious that Holden has not accepted Allie's death due to the numerous times that Holden says he still pretends Allie is there and has conversations with him. He uses the idea of Allie as sort of a protector and someone he could turn to when he was scared or just needed someone to talk to. This is exemplified when Holden is becoming extremely depressed and fearing that every time he crossed the road he wouldn't make it to the other side: Every time I'd get to the end of a block I'd make believe I was talking to my brother Allie. I'd say to him, Allie, don't let me disappear. Allie, don't let me disappear. Allie, don't let me disappear. Please, Allie. And then when I'd reach the other side of the street without disappearing, I'd thank him. Then it would start all over again as soon as I got to the next corner. But I kept going and all. I was sort of afraid to stop, I think - I don't remember, to tell you the truth. (Salinger 218) Holden becomes so entrenched in believing that he's speaking to Allie that it helps him to make it across the street. However, this shows how deeply he has fallen into this world of depression and the degree of how much he's still in denial over Allie's death. Another instance that Holden displays the denial of Allie's death is when he returns home to talk to Phoebe. She asks him to name one thing he actually likes and he fails to think of anything other than Allie. It's like Holden's entire world still revolves

ABC crisis intervention and how it is applied in a senerio Essay

ABC crisis intervention and how it is applied in a senerio - Essay Example There are many models of crisis intervention and the ABC model is one of them. To explore Mr. Jones’ crisis, this paper will examine how the ABC model can be used to understand and bring the crisis under control. The ABC model is a three stage process that involves developing contact with the person. This contact has a deeper use as it enables a person to establish a conversation with the crisis victim. The second stage is the most important as it enables the person to identify the problem that brings the crisis. In this stage, the victim is also enabled to identify the psychological issues in the crisis. The final stage in the process involves identifying a method which the victim can use to cope with the problem (Kanel, 2011). In the case of Mr. Jones, and John, the social worker can use the model to identify the crisis that he is facing and what mechanisms can be used to help him cope with the problem. John used to be a frequent visitor to Mr. Jones. However, with the passage of time, he was no longer welcome to the house and this has brought about significant changes in the communication process between the two. To be able to intervene, the counselor must be able to establish and develop communication between him and Mr. Jones. This will be of great use in moving to the second step. Without well developed communication model, the second stage cannot accomplish its results since people are unlikely to open up to others if they do not feel comfortable. This stage, therefore, serves to open up the communication channel between the victim and the mediator. By making Mr. Jones comfortable to talk, the counselor will be able to extract information easily from him. This step will also involve explaining to Mr. Jones the purpose of the visit. The counselor will need to explain why he thinks there is a problem and what the visit aims to achieve. This will prepare Mr. Jones for the next stage and enable him to understand why he needs

The Post-Modern Condition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

The Post-Modern Condition - Essay Example By definition, the "Word" cannot be a human artifice. 2. Early modern: Signs modify or screen reality, which is thereby acknowledged to be at least partially artificial or contingent. Observers concede that symbolic forms of mediation do not immediately touch or mirror reality-in-itself. Example: There is a growing recognition among intellectuals that theological disputes are an unavoidable part of deciphering the enigma that is "God." 3. Modern: Signs dissimulate -- that is, they conceal the presence of absence. Example: We begin to understand that God does not exist (absence), that he was always a figment of our too-fertile imaginations. Nevertheless, we concede that religious belief should perhaps be tolerated because it gives people hope and a reason for living. 4. Postmodern: Signs no longer claim to depict, mirror, or even disguise an objective reality. Consequently, symbolic modes of representation become pure "simulacra: copies (or copies of a copy) that have no original (Baudrillard 1983). The simulacrum embodies nothing but a knowingly manufactured and contrived reality. Hence, culture must be faked before it can be recognized. Example: A McDonald's commercial shows a little girl supposedly enjoying a hamburger with her father. Such a commercial is neither "true" nor "false." Both at the point of production and at the time of consumption, it is judged merely in terms of whether it is attention-worthy. (Gary Genosko, 1994). In Jean Baudrillard's (1983) terms, postmodern simulation "is the generation by models of a real without origin or reality: a hyperreal." The ad just described is not therefore compromised by viewers' awareness that what they are seeing is perfectly contrived, for postmodern subjects feel quite at home in a world where everything around them is already faked. Indeed, precisely because their lives lack stable or reliable meaning, postmodern subjects are often characterized by a desperate need to be seduced. Note, too, that a clever or successful ad will interest both the simpleton incapable of ironic detachment and the sophisticate cynically enjoying the commercial on its own terms. We must accordingly conclude that neither intelligence nor perspicacity gives us the resources to resist postmodernism. The modern intellectual believed that critical intelligence armored the individual against the seductions of eloquence. By contrast, postmodern subjects fail to achieve critical distance from what they perceive. By successfully collapsing the distinction between what signifies and what is signified, postmodernism makes it increasingly difficult

Relationships in Minimum of Two Essay Example for Free

Relationships in Minimum of Two Essay The story ‘Laps’ encapsulates the importance of confronting past failures and losses. As a young adult, Queenie is rejected by her hometown community of Angelus, made into â€Å"a loser, an outcast†. From early on in the opening passage we are given an indication of past hurts, â€Å"a grave and a crusade and a well of bitterness†. Through this use of strong imagery and metaphor, Winton establishes character and highlights Queenie’s sense of disconnection from her past. Additionally, the use of interior monologue such as â€Å"all this time they’ve been growing, and I’ve gone to fat† gives us an indication that although time has passed and people have moved on with their lives, Queenie has remained stationary in her past, unable to move on from her rejection and loss. She is numb with the weight of the past, feeling â€Å"as though all this was a story she had read somewhere; it didn’t seem part of her life†. Queenie’s isolation is further reflected in the setting. Angelus is a physical representation of Queenie’s past, as she says â€Å"I want to confirm things†¦. ike this town being the past†. Additionally, water is used as a reoccurring symbol; the ocean, once a place of happy childhood memories, is now a place of exile and defeat. The metaphoric description of the â€Å"steel surface of the harbour† is an example of pathetic fallacy, reflecting Queenie’s hardness, her sense of rejection and defeat as an outsider. Furthermore, juxtaposition in setting is used to contrast the urban – representing the present, new life of â€Å"softness† – with her prior life in the countryside – a symbol of â€Å"hardness† and her past loss and defeat. Queenie is aware that she has not moved on from her past, â€Å"The hurt of seven years before had healed them together in a way they had not expected†¦she had been numb for longer than she could remember†. She confronts her husband, suggesting they return to Angelus for a weekend, saying â€Å"places shouldnt frighten us anymore†¦. a place can’t screw you forever†. We can see that Queenie has come to the realisation that in order the move forward she must take a step back into her past. As Queenie and her young family approach Angelus, the town is described as a â€Å"new galaxy†, reflecting change and as well as Queenie’s sense of foreboding and anticipation. As they enter the town, the family is dumbfounded by how much it has changed – â€Å"Angelus had learned to live off its dying†¦it was a town looking bright faced into the future†. The notion of the town and community having moved on in time is a stark contrast to Queenie’s step back into her past. As they return to Angelus, Winton begins to give us snippets of information similar to flashbacks – of her past. The revelation of Queenie’s loss and defeat to the reader is parallel to Queenie’s confrontation with her past. As the family move through the town, visiting places from their past, we see that Queenie slowly gains hope and comfort that she can move on with her life, as well as regaining her confidence, putting her past into a broader perspective. The idea of Angelus as â€Å"just a place† suggests that through visiting , Queenie is finally able to detach herself from her past. The story ends on a sense of hope as Queenie lunges into the water, â€Å"not invincible but strong†. She comes to the realisation that â€Å"she knew she could swim it all out of her† – she can finally move on from her grief and loss. Through this story, Winton reveals that sometimes in order to move forward you have to take a step back; you have to move on or your past will destroy you. â€Å"Gravity† is another story highlighting the importance of confronting the past. On the anniversary of his father’s death, Jerra is forced to confront his loss and father’s absence. From earlier stories in the Nilsam suite we learn that Jerra can be self-indulgent and immature, taking a long time to accept changed circumstances. This inability to confront the past reaches a climax in â€Å"Gravity†. Jerra is unable to move on – the loss of this father has bounded him to the past, giving him a sense of emptiness, â€Å"there was a hole in him†¦something was lost. † From the opening passage Jerra’s self-indulgence and bitterness is evident by his reluctance to return to the party he is supposed to be co-hosting. The use of flashbacks of Jerra’s father teaching him to ride a bike highlights the bond of the father-son relationship and the pain of Jerra’s loss – â€Å"And then the grip gone, no old man. Sudden grave feeling of independence. Turning, turning†. Jerra is hit with the realisation that his father is gone, that he is alone â€Å"it was riding down that street, as though he had been balancing a cycle for the first time. There was no exhilaration in it, only a terrible sense of gravity†. The memory of learning to ride a bike is a metaphor of Jerra’s current struggle to deal with reality – he must stay on the bike in order to move forward or be dragged down by gravity; Jerra must move on or be held down by the past. The vibrant atmosphere of the party is a stark contrast to Jerra’s sense of loss. Everything is a blur, â€Å"he felt a little punch drunk†, disoriented. As â€Å"the party wore on†, Jerra seeks refuge in the studio which his father built for him. As Jerra unlocks the studio door, he is unlocking his past. The studio is linked to â€Å"the Tower of Babel†, suggesting a safe haven, a place of sanctuary. Compared to the world outside the walls of the studio, everything within is clear – Winton uses listing to describe the studio in great detail. The studio is a physical representation of the connection between father and son. By coming here, we are given an indication that Jerra is ready to confront his past and move on with his life. The studio is full of memories, and as Jerra is forced to confront them and reflect, we see a sudden change in the way he sees the world. â€Å"Nilsam was a father. He was a husband. He was a son† – Jerra finally accepts his responsibilities and understands his place in life. As with ‘Laps’, the story ends on an optimistic note, the setting of dawn symbolizing a new day and bright future. Today he would do many things† – Jerra is finally able to move forward and make the most of his life, after directly confronting his father’s loss. Jerra acknowledges his father’s death and his responsibility of his own role as a father, and comes to the realization that life needs to be lived. On the other hand, ‘Minimum of Two’ challenges the idea of confronting the past. The story highlights that taking the wrong approach to a problem, especially matters that involve others, can have disastrous consequences. Madigan is consumed with anger, frustration and bitterness over the rape of his wife Greta. The use of short, sharp syntax in the quote â€Å"I was ashamed. That hatred came back and I was frightened of myself† illustrates Madigan’s raw emotion of fear, anger and guilt at his inability to console his wife. Winton uses contrast to show Greta’s deterioration – â€Å"Greta had never been a weak person†¦ [but] Greta was no longer strong, there was nothing†. Madigan is well aware that the couple’s relationship is disintegrating, likening it to â€Å"starving to death†. This simile shows his utter helplessness as he watches his wife suffer physically and mentally. His hunger for his wife and helplessness at her alienation drives Madigan into darker emotions, his anger building up into hatred and revenge, to the want â€Å"to kill Fred Blakey†. Unlike ‘Laps’ and ‘Gravity’, the story has a sombre ending, with Madigan realising that â€Å"something had slipped from [his] grasp†. Consumed with anger, Madigan kills Fred Blakey, yet â€Å"in that moment [he] knew [he] had lost [his] life. [He] was a dead man. † In the moments following his act of revenge, Madigan has the crystalline realisation that revenge means absolutely nothing. In this story, Winton suggests that sometimes when we try and confront our problems, we end up making things worse. Winton explores both the positive and negative outcomes of confronting one’s problems, highlighting the need to do so in order to move forward. This message is evident in ‘Laps’ and ‘Gravity’, where the protagonists are forced to confront their past loss and defeat. In these two stories, Winton suggests that in order to move forward, a backwards step into the past is necessary. Although the process may bring back painful memories, Winton shows that there is hope for those who confront their problems. However, Winton also emphasises the need to deal with problems from the right approach, with calm rather than bitterness, the failure of doing so resulting in potentially disastrous consequences as seen in ‘Minimum of Two’. As a whole, the anthology of stories reveals to us that those who confront their problems do deal with them more successfully, and are able to move on with their lives.

The Neurosurgeon :: Biology Science Medical Essays

The Neurosurgeon The temporal lobe comprises all the tissue that lies below the Sylvian fissure and anterior to the occipital and parietal cortex. The temporal regions can be divided on the lateral surface into those that are auditory (Brodmann’s area) and those that form the ventral visual stream on the lateral temporal lobe. The visual regions are referred to as either inferotemporal cortex or by von Bonin and Bailey’s designation, TE. The sulci of the temporal lobe contains most of the cortex. The superior temporal sulcus (STS) which separates the superior and middle temporal gyri can be divided into many sub regions. It receives input from auditory, visual, and somatic regions as well as the frontal and parietal regions and the paralimbic cortex. The medial temporal region includes the hippocampus (and surrounding cortex) and the fusiform gyrus. The posterior end of the temporal lobe is referred to as the parahippocampal cortex and includes areas known as TH and TF. The fusiform gyrus and interior temporal gyrus are part of the lateral temporal cortex. The uncus refers to the anterior extension of the hippocampus. The hippocampus, as well as the amygdala, are buried deep within the temporal lobe. The temporal lobes have many internal connections which project to the sensory systems, to the parietal and frontal regions, to the limbic system, and to the basal ganglia. The neocortex of the left and right lobes is connected to the archicortex. Studies have demonstrated four projection pathways of information in the temporal lobe which each form separate functions. First, auditory and visual information processes from the primary regions ending in the temporal pole form the ventral stream of visual processing. Its function is thought to be stimulus recognition. Second, auditory, visual, and somatic project into the superior temporal sulcus whose function is stimulus categorization. Third, auditory and visual information is projected to the medial temporal regions including the hippocampus (called the preforant pathway) and the amygdale. This pathway is crucial to long term memory. Fourth auditory and visual information goes to the area of the frontal lobe which is necessary for various aspects of movement, control, short term memory, and affect. The Neurosurgeon :: Biology Science Medical Essays The Neurosurgeon The temporal lobe comprises all the tissue that lies below the Sylvian fissure and anterior to the occipital and parietal cortex. The temporal regions can be divided on the lateral surface into those that are auditory (Brodmann’s area) and those that form the ventral visual stream on the lateral temporal lobe. The visual regions are referred to as either inferotemporal cortex or by von Bonin and Bailey’s designation, TE. The sulci of the temporal lobe contains most of the cortex. The superior temporal sulcus (STS) which separates the superior and middle temporal gyri can be divided into many sub regions. It receives input from auditory, visual, and somatic regions as well as the frontal and parietal regions and the paralimbic cortex. The medial temporal region includes the hippocampus (and surrounding cortex) and the fusiform gyrus. The posterior end of the temporal lobe is referred to as the parahippocampal cortex and includes areas known as TH and TF. The fusiform gyrus and interior temporal gyrus are part of the lateral temporal cortex. The uncus refers to the anterior extension of the hippocampus. The hippocampus, as well as the amygdala, are buried deep within the temporal lobe. The temporal lobes have many internal connections which project to the sensory systems, to the parietal and frontal regions, to the limbic system, and to the basal ganglia. The neocortex of the left and right lobes is connected to the archicortex. Studies have demonstrated four projection pathways of information in the temporal lobe which each form separate functions. First, auditory and visual information processes from the primary regions ending in the temporal pole form the ventral stream of visual processing. Its function is thought to be stimulus recognition. Second, auditory, visual, and somatic project into the superior temporal sulcus whose function is stimulus categorization. Third, auditory and visual information is projected to the medial temporal regions including the hippocampus (called the preforant pathway) and the amygdale. This pathway is crucial to long term memory. Fourth auditory and visual information goes to the area of the frontal lobe which is necessary for various aspects of movement, control, short term memory, and affect.

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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS GCE Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level MARK SCHEME for the November 2005 question paper 9708 ECONOMICS 9708/04 Paper 4, maximum raw mark 70 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and students, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were initially instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began. Any substantial changes to the mark scheme that arose from these discussions will be recorded in the published Report on the Examination. All Examiners are instructed that alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches in candidates’ scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knowledge and skills demonstrated. Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the Report on the Examination. The minimum marks in these components needed for various grades were previously published with these mark schemes, but are now instead included in the Report on the Examination for this session. †¢ CIE will not enter into discussion or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes. CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the November 2005 question papers for most IGCSE and GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses. Page 1 Mark Scheme GCE AS/A LEVEL – NOVEMBER 2005 Syllabus 9708 Paper 4 Section A 1 (a) What evidence is there in the article that the UK mobile phone companies operate in an imperfect market structure? Only four companies, can fix price, have product differentiation in the handsets, no perfect knowledge. (b) Explain the statement ‘one result will be that cross-subsidisation will disappear and the price of a new handset will go up considerably. Explanation of meaning of subsidising one product or service by the profits on another which itself may be overpriced. The removal of the subsidy will result in the price of the subsidised product increasing if profit levels are to be maintained. Often the subsidised product makes a loss but is produced because it is supplementary to other profit making products or services. (c) The article says the decision of the High Court will cost the companies ? 1. 5 billion to ? 2 billion. Explain how the phone companies might react in order to retain their profit levels. Could try to reduce labour costs, implement some redundancies, could stop research and development, could generally try to reduce costs or could try to increase revenue by promoting products through advertising. (d) Explain with the aid of a diagram how the existence of termination charges would affect consumer surplus. Termination charges are placed above the market level. Diagram should show a price above market clearing which will result in reduction in consumer surplus. 1 mark for D/S diagram correctly labelled; 1 for showing the reduced area of consumer surplus; 1 for explanation. e) Does the information lead you to agree with the spokesperson when he said that consumers should not necessarily regard the decision as a good thing? In consumers’ interest: they would save ? 700 but over next three years, price reduction would be on all calls. Against consumers’ interest: cost of telephone handset would rise; there is a fear of increased calls for text messages; possib ility of phone company finding some other way to keep profits high. [6] [4] [4] [3] [4]  © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 Page 2 Mark Scheme GCE AS/A LEVEL – NOVEMBER 2005 Syllabus 9708 Paper 4 General comments for Section B The essay questions carry a maximum mark of 25. Try not to ‘bunch' marks, but use the whole mark range. If there is any doubt in your mind, give the benefit of doubt to the candidate. The difference in grades should be assessed on the ability of the candidate to demonstrate the various objectives of the examination listed in the syllabus and not purely on the ability to itemise further facts from the content of the syllabus. Marks should be awarded for the ability to demonstrate that aim (b) of the syllabus has been achieved as well as aim (a) – which refers to content knowledge. It is the objective of the examination, as listed in the syllabus, to assess both these aims. An overall guide for marks for individual questions is given below; these are from a total of 25. They may be applied proportionally of course to parts of questions where the total is less than 25: Mark 1 – 9 (Linked to level one in individual question notes). 1-5 where the answer is mostly irrelevant and only contains a few valid points made incidentally in an irrelevant context. There will also be substantial omissions of analysis. here the answer shows some knowledge but does not indicate that the meaning of the question has been properly grasped. Basic errors of theory or an inadequate development of analysis may be evident. 6–9 Mark 10 – 13 (Linked to level two in individual question notes). 10 –11 where there is evidence of an ability to identify facts or some ability at graphs and/or a fair ability to apply known laws to new situations. There should be an a ccurate although undeveloped explanation of the facts relating to the question together with an explanation of the theory, and evidence of some bility to discriminate and form elementary judgements. Do not expect a clear logical presentation. There will not be much evidence of the ability to recognise unstated assumptions, nor to examine the implications of a hypothesis, nor of the ability to organise ideas into a new unity. 12 – 13 where the answer has a more thorough relevance to the question but where the theory is incompletely explained.  © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 Page 3 Mark Scheme GCE AS/A LEVEL – NOVEMBER 2005 Syllabus 9708 Paper 4 14 – 17 (Linked to level 3 in individual question notes). 4 –15 where there is a good knowledge of the facts and theory of the question, clear evidence of the ability to use the facts and theory with accurate reference to the question that may have presented the candidate with a novel ap plication. There should also be evidence, where appropriate, of the ability to examine the implications of the question and an attempt to distinguish between facts and value judgements. Clear statements, supported by reasoned arguments should be given and there should be some attempt at a conclusion to the question. There should be a reasoned structure to the whole answer. Do not expect too many extra Illustrative points which are not explicitly referred to in the question, do not expect too much critical comment on unstated assumptions 16 – 17 for an answer showing a well reasoned understanding of the question's requirements and of the relevant theory: the analysis should be sound though the illustration and development may not be very full. 18 – 25 (Linked to level 4 in individual question notes). 18 –20 where there is a thorough knowledge of the facts and theory with an excellent ability to describe, explain or analyse this in a precise, logical, reasoned manner. There should be an ability to query some of the assumptions in the question and clear evidence of an ability to distinguish between fact and value judgements and to draw some conclusions on the matter being discussed. Conclusions should be formed and expressed within a sound structured answer so that the whole is well presented. New illustrations and apposite examples should be introduced as further evidence of an ability to recognise the principles of the question and their application to relevant current situations. 1 – 25 for an answer which, given the time constraint, could not be improved significantly: it will have clear analysis, ample illustration and a good attempt at considered evaluation. Be positive in your marking, awarding marks for what is there without being too much influenced by omissions. Marks should not be deleted for inaccuracies. Corresponding marks for sub-sections. Total Mark 10 Total Mark 12 Total Mark 13 Total Mark 15 1 1-3 1-4 1-4+ 1-5 2 4-5 5-6 5-6 + 6-8 3 6-7 7-8 7-8+ 9-11 4 8-10 9-12 9-13 12-15  © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 Page 4 Mark Scheme GCE AS/A LEVEL – NOVEMBER 2005 Syllabus 9708 Paper 4 Section B 2 (a) Explain what is meant by efficient resource allocation in a free market. L4 L3 L2 L1 (b) For a sound explanation with clear understanding of the principles involved in the analysis. [8 – 10] For a competent explanation but with limited development of the analysis. [6 – 7] For a correct explanation of a free market but undeveloped explanation of allocative efficiency. [4 – 5] For an answer which has some basic correct facts but includes irrelevancies. Errors of theory or omissions of analysis will be substantial. 1 – 3] [10] Would you agree that in some circumstances it is best to accept the decision such as that of the French government and abandon the search for economic efficiency through the free market? [15] Discussion of the reason for market failure. Monopolies, merit goods, public goods. Consideration of whether this might apply in the case of the large engineeri ng company. L4 L3 L2 L1 For a reasoned discussion of causes of market failure and clearly structured answer. [12 – 15]. For a fair explanation of market failure but lack of development and reasoned conclusion. 9 – 11] For a limited but acceptable attempt to consider some market failures. [6 – 8] For an answer which has some basic correct facts but includes irrelevancies. Errors of theory or omissions of analysis will be substantial. [1 – 5] 3 (a) Explain how trade unions can be incorporated into the economic analysis of wage determination. [12] Candidates are asked to comment on trade unions so the economic theory of wages that they should use is that for an imperfect market. This theory should be explained using marginal revenue productivity. Trade unions can have an effect on the supply curve which is now no longer solely determined by market forces. Where the actual wage will be determined depends upon the relative strengths of the employer and the trade union. L4 L3 L2 L1 For a sound discussion with good explanation of the analysis and a clear understanding of the principles involved. [9 – 12] [7 – 8 D and S approach] For a competent comment but with limited elaboration of the analysis. [7 – 8] [5-6 D and S approach] For a correct explanation of part of the analysis. Candidates might explain either the government or the unions. 5 – 6] [3+ – 4 D and S approach] For an answer which has some basic correct facts but includes irrelevancies. Errors of theory or omissions of analysis will be substantial. [1 – 4] [1 –3 D and S approach]  © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 Page 5 Mark Scheme GCE AS/A LEVEL – NOVEMBER 2005 Syllabus 9708 Paper 4 (b) Discuss the possible effects that trade unions might have on the economy of a country. [13] Trade unions could affect the supply of labour and working practices. They could cause production to decrease with consequent downward effects on income, spending and national income. Candidates could explain this using the multiplier concept. Union could, however, through negotiation prevent disruption of production, or could monitor the implementation of safety procedures which might involve extra spending by the employer. This might well have an upward effect on national income. L4 L3 L2 L1 For a reasoned and clear explanation with accurate development of theory contrasting possible outcomes. [9 – 13] For a clear but undeveloped explanation which concentrates on change of income in one direction only. 7 – 8] For a limited attempt to consider the theory and with a greater concentration on the descriptive elements. [5 – 6] For an answer which has some basic correct facts but includes irrelevancies. Errors of theory or omissions of analysis are substantial. [1 – 4] 4 (a) With the help of diagrams distinguish between normal profit and abnormal profit. [10] Diagrams to show normal and abnormal profit with accompanying explanation of the c urves used in the diagram. Candidates can distinguish between perfect and imperfect markets. L4 L3 L2 L1 For a sound explanation, good diagrams correctly labelled, with clear understanding of the principles involved in the analysis. [8 – 10] For a competent explanation but with limited development of the analysis. Diagrams clear but not fully labelled. [6 – 7] For a correct explanation of terms but some poor diagrams. [4 – 5] For an answer which has some basic correct facts but includes irrelevancies. Errors of theory or omissions of analysis will be substantial. [1 – 3] (b) Discuss whether firms always want to maximise profits and are able to do so in the way suggested by economic theory. 15] Discussion of the theory of profit maximisation. Candidates should consider not only whether it is possible to calculate marginal revenue and marginal cost to achieve profit maximisation but also whether the firm might have alternative aims. Sales maximisation, behavioural, managerial, satisficing, market share aims might be mentioned. L4 L3 L2 L1 For a reas oned discussion and clearly structured answer. [12 – 15] For a fair discussion but undeveloped answer mentioning either only one part of the question or both parts but only scant mention of alternative aims. 9 – 11] For a limited but acceptable attempt to consider the question with very limited development of either part. [6 – 8] For an answer which has some basic correct facts but includes irrelevancies. Errors of theory or omissions of analysis will be substantial. [1 – 5]  © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 Page 6 Mark Scheme GCE AS/A LEVEL – NOVEMBER 2005 Syllabus 9708 Paper 4 5 How far do you agree that low interest rates and low inflation are the most important aims of government policy in maximising economic welfare? 25] Discussion of the general macro aims of government policy with a comment on whether the two mentioned should be regarded as the most crucial. The effect of low interest rates and low inflation and po ssible links between them can be developed. Reasons should be given for either choosing or not choosing these aims as the most important. L4 L3 L2 L1 For a thorough explanation of the aims, a clear analysis of the link between them, a discussion of the possible outcome of a choosing either those aims or alternatives with a reasoned conclusion. 18 – 25] For a competent explanation of the aims but where there is only limited attempt to consider the significance of the importance of the aims. There will be some discussion but the evaluation will not be fully developed or extensive. [14 – 17] For an accurate though undeveloped explanation with some attempt at analysis but only limited evaluation. [10 – 13] For an answer which shows some knowledge but does not indicate that the question has been fully grasped. The answer will have some correct facts but include irrelevancies. Errors of theory or omissions of analysis will be substantial. 1 – 9] 6 With the appr oval of the Malaysian government, the Swedish company IKEA, the world’s largest retailer of home furnishings, has invested $106 million in Malaysia in the past three years. It plans to open another large store in the country, employing 450 people with expected sales of approximately $50 million in the first year. (Herald Tribune Aug 15 03 p 12) (a) Use the multiplier analysis to explain what effect this investment might have on the Malaysian national income. [10] Discussion of the effect of increasing investment in terms of employment, income, spending, saving. Multiplier analysis. Usually this question is asked with reference to government spending and investment but this is a large investment and it also will have multiplier effects. L4 L3 L2 L1 For a sound explanation of the analysis and a clear understanding of the principles involved. [8 – 10] For a competent comment but with limited elaboration of the analysis. [6 – 7] For a correct explanation of part of the analysis. Candidates might explain how investment might increase income but might not deal with further increases in as they do not discuss what leakages occur at each ‘round’. 4 – 5] For an answer which has some basic correct facts but includes irrelevancies. Errors of theory or omissions of analysis will be substantial. [1 – 3]  © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005 Page 7 Mark Scheme GCE AS/A LEVEL – NOVEMBER 2005 Syllabus 9708 Paper 4 (b) Discuss whether the activities of multi-national companies are always beneficial. Candidates should discuss the effects of large companies. They could consider whether a large company is beneficial for the shareholders, the workforce and the consumer. These groups may be in different countries. They should comment on the effect in host country where wages/incomes/employment might increase and on the possible benefits for directors (and shareholders) who may be in the home country. The multi-national might have chosen to operate in the host country because of reduced costs or cheaper inputs so a comment on the possible benefits of comparative advantage would be pertinent. L4 L3 L2 L1 For a sound discussion with good explanation of the analysis and a clear understanding of the principles involved. Reasoned evaluative comments should be given. 12 – 15] For a competent comment but with only limited evaluation of the effects. [9 – 11] For a correct discussion of the analysis but with only very brief, or no evaluation. [6 – 8] For an answer which has some basic correct facts but includes irrelevancies. Errors of theory or omissions of analysis will be substantial. [1 – 5] [15] 7 ‘There are so many difficulties in measuring living standards that w e can never be sure that people in one country are better off than those in another country. ’ Comment upon this statement. [25] Candidates should consider each part of the statement. They should discuss whether there are many difficulties in measuring living standards and give reasons for their conclusion on this part of the question. They should then consider whether it is possible to compare one country with another and discuss what use national income statistics might be. They should form an overall conclusion. L4 L3 L2 L1 For a thorough explanation of the difficulties of measuring living standards, and a clear conclusion to the assertion followed by a consideration of the usefulness of using the statistics to make comparisons. [18 – 25] For a competent explanation of the difficulties but with a limited conclusion. There will be some consideration of comparison between countries but this will not be fully developed or extensive. [14 – 17] For an accurate though undeveloped explanation with some attempt at analysis but only limited evaluation. The conclusion will be weak. [10 – 13] For an answer which shows some knowledge but does not indicate that the question has been fully grasped. The answer will have some correct facts but include irrelevancies. Errors of theory or omissions of analysis will be substantial. [1 – 9]  © University of Cambridge International Examinations 2005

Altering Perceptions of Bram Stoker’s Dracula - 1416 Words

Perception is the manuscript for the past, present, and future alike. Ones perception of a novel could be completely unlike the next. Online research regarding Bram Stoker’s â€Å"Dracula† provided many useful points of view on numerous topics such as Count Dracula’s idea â€Å"The blood is the life† (Stoker 121) This statement can range anywhere from the literal meaning of Count Dracula needs blood to continue his life or that blood is a contributor that enables humans to possess life. When reading a novel each and every person will have altering perceptions about things in this novel. Bram Stoker’s writing style is vague to the point that he requires the reader to draw their own interpretation of the novel which enables the reader to think critically. Perception is all around us, it’s unique and assists one’s ability to process information. He was a famous investor that was famous for his appearance and his strange practices when it comes to dealing with his clients. Yes, we are talking about Count Dracula. The Count is a successful corporate tycoon that ran numerous multi-billion dollar cooperation’s. It is to go unsaid that Count Dracula was beyond what us peons know as rich. He had numerous mansions but he wanted to relocate to a different part of the country so he could leave some of his demons in his closet so to speak. The Count wanted to live as normally as possible and be as low key, out of the public’s eye as â€Å"humanly† possible. Not only was he wishing to have hisShow MoreRelatedComparing Dracula, And I Am Legend By Richard Matheson1584 Words   |  7 Pagesinto different types† and are portrayed in different ways throughout several books. This paper will focus on three vampires from the following books: Dracula by Bram Stoker, and I am Legend by Richard Matheson. Dracula is co nsidered to be the traditional vampire, where it all started, and the vampires in Matheson’s book, follow somewhat Stoker’s concept, but is more of a modern â€Å"type† of vampires. Certain vampire elements have been presented, but others have been completely removed or altered. In